Madeline Duggan has been actively involved in the acting profession since her early years. Specifically, at the tender age of nine, she landed her first acting role, taking on the character of young Cosette in the renowned production of Les Miserables at the Palace Theatre in London. This early success was followed by her lead role as Amanda in the short film Between Us in 2004. The next year, she again took on a lead role, this time portraying Ellie in the short film Spoilt Eggs.
In May 2006, Madeline was selected for the role of Lauren Branning in the popular UK soap opera EastEnders, a position she held for a period of four years until June 2010. Following her departure from EastEnders, she appeared in the film Rules of Love, playing the character Emily in December 2010. Subsequently, in July 2011, she filmed a part in the acclaimed television series Silent Witness and secured the role of Laura in the new film Everyone's Going to Die. In 2013, Madeline was featured in the BBC drama By Any Means. The following year, she appeared in The Smoke on Sky 1.