Robert Mugabe

Robert Gabriel Mugabe, a distinguished Zimbabwean revolutionary and politician, held the prestigious position of Prime Minister from 1980 to 1987, before elevating himself to the presidency from 1987 to 2017. Prior to his tenure as head of state, Mugabe served as the leader of the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) from 1975 to 1980, subsequently guiding its successor political party, the ZANU-PF, from 1980 to 2017. Throughout his remarkable career, Mugabe's ideological inclinations underwent significant transformations, initially embracing African nationalism in the 1970s and 1980s, before shifting towards Marxist-Leninism and eventually socialism in the 1990s.