Alexander Scourby

Alexander Scourby

Deceased · Born: Nov 13, 1913 · Died: Feb 22, 1985

Personal Details

BornNov 13, 1913 Brooklyn, New York, USA

Biography

Alexander Scourby was a renowned actor, narrator, and voice artist, boasting one of the most distinguished vocal instruments across stage, screen, radio, TV, and audio cassette platforms. He refined his craft through Shakespearean roles in the 1930s and honed his vocal versatility on dramatic radio serials in the 1940s.

Born on November 13, 1913, in Brooklyn, New York, to Greek immigrants, Scourby attended public and private schools in Brooklyn. His father, Constantine, was a restaurateur and baker, and Scourby demonstrated an early interest in writing, serving as a co-editor of his high school magazine and yearbook. He briefly studied journalism at the University of West Virginia at Morgantown before discovering his passion for acting through a campus theater group.

Scourby apprenticed at Eva Le Gallienne's Civic Repertory Theatre and made his professional debut in a walk-on role in "Liliom." He went on to play the Player King in a 1936 Broadway production starring Leslie Howard and later reprised the role for Eva Le Gallienne's company. He appeared in numerous Broadway productions, including "Hamlet," "A Flag Is Born," "Crime and Punishment," "Detective Story," "Darkness at Noon," "Saint Joan," "A Month in the County," "Tovarich," and "Old World."

Scourby's speaking prowess was developed through his work with the American Foundation for the Blind's Talking Book program, where he recorded nearly 500 books for the blind. He received the Certificate of Merit from the foundation for his long-term contribution. He transitioned to radio in 1939, playing running parts in five serial dramas and lending his voice to Superman's father on the popular radio show.

Scourby entered the film industry later in his career, making his debut at age 39 in the film noir "Affair in Trinidad" (1952). He continued to appear in dramatic support roles in films such as "Because of You" (1952),"Older Brother, Younger Sister" (1953),"The Glory Brigade" (1953),and "The Big Heat" (1953). He also appeared in the Disney comedy "The Shaggy Dog" (1959) and the classic film noir "Ransom!" (1956).

As a TV and audio cassette narrator, Scourby was highly acclaimed for his distinctive voice. He narrated many popular Bible stories and was credited with giving voice to the entire Bible at one point. He also narrated classical novel audio cassettes such as "Ship of Fools" and "War and Peace." On TV, he received critical acclaim for his narration on the documentary classic "Victory at Sea" (1954) and the 1970s TV movie documentaries "The Body Human" (1977).

Scourby made numerous guest appearances on popular TV programs, including "The Phil Silvers Show," "Shirley Temple's Storybook," "Ellery Queen," "Rawhide," "Bonanza," "The Rifleman," "The Twilight Zone," "Alfred Hitchcock Presents," "The Defenders," "The Rogues," "The Man from U.N.C.L.E.," "Daniel Boone," and "Mannix." He also appeared on daytime soap operas "Another World" and "General Hospital."

Scourby was married to actress Lori March, with whom he had a daughter, Alexandra, born in 1944. He passed away on February 22, 1985, at the age of 71 due to a heart attack.

Career

{"id":3752,"title":"The Stuff","year":"1985","character":"Evans","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/the-stuff","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/images\/fanart\/movies\/poster\/17h3dma7rj1g.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/images\/fanart\/movies\/poster\/17h3dma7rj1g.jpg"},"released":1}
1985
The Stuff
The Stuff as Evans
{"id":195868,"title":"Australia's Animal Mysteries","year":"1984","character":"Narrator (voice)","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/australias-animal-mysteries-1984","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_195868.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_195868.jpg"},"released":1}
1984
{"id":162257,"title":"Merton","year":"1984","character":"Narrator (voice)","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/merton","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_162257.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_162257.jpg"},"released":1}
Merton
Merton as Narrator (voice)
{"id":161134,"title":"Among the Wild Chimpanzees","year":"1984","character":"Narrator (voice)","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/among-the-wild-chimpanzees","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_161134.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_161134.jpg"},"released":1}
Among the Wild Chimpanzees
Among the Wild Chimpanzees as Narrator (voice)
{"id":63952,"title":"The Yellow Star: The Persecution of the Jews in Europe - 1933-1945","year":"1981","character":"English language narrator","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/the-yellow-star-the-persecution-of-the-jews-in-europe-1933-1945","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_63952.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_63952.jpg"},"released":1}
1981
{"id":163621,"title":"Great Performances","year":"1979","character":"Narrator (voice)","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/great-performances-1979","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_163621.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_163621.jpg"},"released":1}
1979
Great Performances
Great Performances as Narrator (voice)
{"id":18598,"title":"The Jesus Film","year":"1979","character":"Luke (voice)","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/the-jesus-film","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_18598.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_18598.jpg"},"released":1}
The Jesus Film
The Jesus Film as Luke (voice)
{"id":103831283,"title":"Great Performances","year":1979,"character":"","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/show\/great-performances","type":"show","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/show_103831283.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/show_103831283.jpg"},"released":1}
{"id":103834560,"title":"The Word","year":1978,"character":"Narrator (voice)","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/show\/the-word","type":"show","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/show_103834560.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/show_103834560.jpg"},"released":1}
1978
The Word
The Word as Narrator (voice)
{"id":165509,"title":"People of the Seal, Part 2: Eskimo Winter","year":"1971","character":"Narrator (voice)","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/people-of-the-seal-part-2-eskimo-winter","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_165509.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_165509.jpg"},"released":1}
1971
{"id":165590,"title":"Montserrat","year":"1971","character":"","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/montserrat","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_165590.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_165590.jpg"},"released":1}
{"id":165700,"title":"The Executioner","year":"1970","character":"Prof. Parker","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/the-executioner","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_165700.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_165700.jpg"},"released":1}
1970
The Executioner
The Executioner as Prof. Parker
{"id":165937,"title":"Atonement","year":"1970","character":"Narrator (voice)","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/atonement-1971","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_165937.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_165937.jpg"},"released":1}
Atonement
Atonement as Narrator (voice)
{"id":192324,"title":"The Glory of Their Times","year":"1970","character":"Narrator","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/the-glory-of-their-times","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_192324.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_192324.jpg"},"released":1}
{"id":196182,"title":"The Incredible World of James Bond","year":"1965","character":"Narrator (voice)","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/the-incredible-world-of-james-bond","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_196182.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_196182.jpg"},"released":1}
1965
{"id":227329,"title":"The Gendarme in New York","year":"1965","character":"Alex Scourby","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/the-gendarme-in-new-york","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_227329.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_227329.jpg"},"released":1}
{"id":10379,"title":"Daniel Boone","year":1964,"character":"Eli Bothwell","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/show\/daniel-boone","type":"show","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/show_10379.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/show_10379.jpg"},"released":1}
1964
Daniel Boone
Daniel Boone as Eli Bothwell
{"id":10399,"title":"Naked City","year":1962,"character":"Walter Gerrick","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/show\/naked-city","type":"show","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/show_10399.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/show_10399.jpg"},"released":1}
1962
Naked City
Naked City as Walter Gerrick
{"id":94591,"title":"The Devil at 4 O'Clock","year":"1961","character":"The Governor","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/the-devil-at-4-oclock-1961","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_94591.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_94591.jpg"},"released":1}
1961
{"id":66202,"title":"Seven Thieves","year":"1960","character":"Raymond Le May","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/seven-thieves","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_66202.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_66202.jpg"},"released":1}
1960
Seven Thieves
Seven Thieves as Raymond Le May
{"id":66246,"title":"Man on a String","year":"1960","character":"Colonel Vadja Kubelov","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/man-on-a-string","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_66246.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_66246.jpg"},"released":1}
Man on a String
Man on a String as Colonel Vadja Kubelov
{"id":10406,"title":"Alfred Hitchcock Presents","year":1960,"character":"Horace Meade","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/show\/alfred-hitchcock-presents-1955","type":"show","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/images\/fanart\/shows\/poster\/2vcas0saburg.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/images\/fanart\/shows\/poster\/2vcas0saburg.jpg"},"released":1}
{"id":76536,"title":"The Shaggy Dog","year":"1959","character":"Dr. Mikhail Andrassy","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/the-shaggy-dog-1959","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_76536.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_76536.jpg"},"released":1}
1959
The Shaggy Dog
The Shaggy Dog as Dr. Mikhail Andrassy
{"id":173835,"title":"Playhouse 90","year":"1959","character":"Harvey Diedrich","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/playhouse-90-1959","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_173835.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_173835.jpg"},"released":1}
Playhouse 90
Playhouse 90 as Harvey Diedrich
{"id":66408,"title":"The Big Fisherman","year":"1959","character":"David Ben-Zadok","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/the-big-fisherman","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_66408.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_66408.jpg"},"released":1}
The Big Fisherman
The Big Fisherman as David Ben-Zadok
{"id":176241,"title":"Project Twenty","year":"1959","character":"Narrator","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/project-twenty","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_176241.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_176241.jpg"},"released":1}
Project Twenty
Project Twenty as Narrator
{"id":10455,"title":"The Twilight Zone","year":1959,"character":"George Harper","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/show\/the-twilight-zone-1959","type":"show","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/images\/fanart\/shows\/poster\/24g2krjs3n00.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/images\/fanart\/shows\/poster\/24g2krjs3n00.jpg"},"released":1}
The Twilight Zone
The Twilight Zone as George Harper
{"id":10398,"title":"Wanted: Dead or Alive","year":1959,"character":"Judge Coogan","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/show\/wanted-dead-or-alive","type":"show","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/images\/fanart\/shows\/poster\/61pf7v3mvnr0.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/images\/fanart\/shows\/poster\/61pf7v3mvnr0.jpg"},"released":1}
{"id":10474,"title":"The Rifleman","year":1959,"character":"Byron Claremont","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/show\/the-rifleman","type":"show","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/show_10474.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/show_10474.jpg"},"released":1}
The Rifleman
The Rifleman as Byron Claremont
{"id":82363,"title":"Me and the Colonel","year":"1958","character":"Major Von Bergen","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/me-and-the-colonel","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_82363.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_82363.jpg"},"released":1}
1958
Me and the Colonel
Me and the Colonel as Major Von Bergen
{"id":174019,"title":"Studio One","year":"1957","character":"Host","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/studio-one","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_174019.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_174019.jpg"},"released":1}
1957
{"id":33691,"title":"Ransom!","year":"1956","character":"Dr. Paul Y. Gorman","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/ransom-1956","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_33691.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_33691.jpg"},"released":1}
1956
Ransom!
Ransom! as Dr. Paul Y. Gorman
{"id":174103,"title":"The Twisted Cross","year":"1956","character":"Narrator (voice)","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/the-twisted-cross","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_174103.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_174103.jpg"},"released":1}
The Twisted Cross
The Twisted Cross as Narrator (voice)
{"id":9091,"title":"Giant","year":"1956","character":"Old Polo","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/giant","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/images\/fanart\/movies\/poster\/548ms7qjeq60.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/images\/fanart\/movies\/poster\/548ms7qjeq60.jpg"},"released":1}
Giant
Giant as Old Polo
{"id":103831568,"title":"Climax!","year":1956,"character":"Frank Martin","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/show\/climax","type":"show","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/show_103831568.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/show_103831568.jpg"},"released":1}
Climax!
Climax! as Frank Martin
{"id":174263,"title":"Victory at Sea","year":"1954","character":"Narrator (voice)","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/victory-at-sea","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_174263.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_174263.jpg"},"released":1}
1954
Victory at Sea
Victory at Sea as Narrator (voice)
{"id":174130,"title":"Sign of the Pagan","year":"1954","character":"Chrysaphius","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/sign-of-the-pagan","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_174130.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_174130.jpg"},"released":1}
Sign of the Pagan
Sign of the Pagan as Chrysaphius
{"id":67353,"title":"The Silver Chalice","year":"1954","character":"Luke","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/the-silver-chalice","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_67353.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_67353.jpg"},"released":1}
{"id":174313,"title":"The Spirit of Christmas","year":"1953","character":"Clement Moore \/ 'Nativity' Narrator (voice) (uncredited)","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/the-spirit-of-christmas-1950","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_174313.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_174313.jpg"},"released":1}
1953
The Spirit of Christmas
The Spirit of Christmas as Clement Moore / 'Nativity' Narrator (voice) (uncredited)
{"id":22375,"title":"The Big Heat","year":"1953","character":"Mike Lagana","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/the-big-heat","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/images\/fanart\/movies\/poster\/3bhhou3c9gm0.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/images\/fanart\/movies\/poster\/3bhhou3c9gm0.jpg"},"released":1}
The Big Heat
The Big Heat as Mike Lagana
{"id":67672,"title":"The Glory Brigade","year":"1953","character":"Lt. Niklas","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/the-glory-brigade","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_67672.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_67672.jpg"},"released":1}
The Glory Brigade
The Glory Brigade as Lt. Niklas
{"id":94918,"title":"The Redhead from Wyoming","year":"1953","character":"Reece Duncan","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/the-redhead-from-wyoming","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_94918.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_94918.jpg"},"released":1}
{"id":68148,"title":"Affair in Trinidad","year":"1952","character":"Max Fabian","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/affair-in-trinidad","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_68148.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_68148.jpg"},"released":1}
1952
{"id":174377,"title":"Because of You","year":"1952","character":"Dr. Breen","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/movie\/because-of-you","type":"movie","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/movie_174377.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/movie_174377.jpg"},"released":1}
Because of You
Because of You as Dr. Breen
{"id":103834771,"title":"Lux Video Theatre","year":1951,"character":"Hagen","permalink":"https:\/\/streambutter.com\/us\/show\/lux-video-theatre","type":"show","srcset":{"1x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/90x135\/thumbs\/show_103834771.jpg","2x":"https:\/\/img.streambutter.com\/img\/180x270\/thumbs\/show_103834771.jpg"},"released":1}
1951